Is Z78.1 a billable ICD-10-CM code?

Yes. Z78.1 is a billable, specific ICD-10-CM code and is valid for submission on a claim.

Where does Z78.1 sit in the tabular list?

Factors influencing health status and contact with health services (Z00-Z99), in the block Persons with potential health hazards related to family and personal history and certain conditions influencing health status (Z77-Z99).

What cannot be coded together with Z78.1?

Z78.1 carries Excludes1 notes, which means the conditions they list can never be coded together with it on the same encounter.

Z78.1

Z78.1 — Physical restraint status

Billable / specific codeICD-10-CMPOA exempt

Z78.1 is a billable, specific ICD-10-CM code for physical restraint status. It is valid for submission on a claim.

Excludes1 — never code together

These conditions cannot occur together. Billing both on the same encounter is a denial.

physical restraint due to a procedure - omit code

Excludes2 inherited from the categories above Z78.1

Also inherited, and the opposite of Excludes1: these conditions are not part of Z78.1, but a patient can have both, so you may code both.

Written on Z78 — Other specified health status

asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] infection status (Z21)
postprocedural status (Z93-Z99)
sex reassignment status (Z87.890)

Risk adjustment

Z78.1 does not map to an HCC and does not risk-adjust under CMS-HCC V28. That is normal — most ICD-10 codes do not. It still needs to be coded correctly; it just will not move a RAF score.

How Z78.1 is indexed

Coders do not find codes by browsing the tabular list — they look them up in the alphabetic index, under the word the physician wrote. These are the index entries that lead here, so you can see which chart wordings map to Z78.1.

Physical restraint status
Status›physical restraint

Code history

Z78.1 has not changed since FY2024 — no addition, revision or deletion across the three most recent ICD-10-CM releases.

Related codes at this level

Codes that share Z78. If Z78.1 is not quite right, the correct code is usually one of these.

Questions about Z78.1

Is Z78.1 a billable ICD-10-CM code?: Yes. Z78.1 is a billable, specific ICD-10-CM code and is valid for submission on a claim.
Where does Z78.1 sit in the tabular list?: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services (Z00-Z99), in the block Persons with potential health hazards related to family and personal history and certain conditions influencing health status (Z77-Z99).
What cannot be coded together with Z78.1?: Z78.1 carries Excludes1 notes, which means the conditions they list can never be coded together with it on the same encounter.